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Anatomy and Physiology I

Anatomy and Physiology II

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Course Logistics

Intro/Body Plan

Muscle Tissue and Function

1. Construct a complete view of muscle tissue organization from the protein molecular level (actin and myosin "thin and thick fibers") to the whole muscle.
2. Describe how muscle tissue functions including role of action potential in cell membrane, calcium released by SR, and actin-myosin protein complex with muscle cells
3. Assemble a list of differences between skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.  know where each type of muscle is found and analyze how and why they might function differently
4. Review energy use by muscle cells/tissues and the difference between slow and fast muscle fibers
5. Examine how muscles with a larger cross-sectional area develop more tensional force or pulling force
6. Be able to understand and use the terms concentric, isometric and eccentric as they relate to muscle agonists and their antagonists

Joints

1. Assemble a good understanding of  the different classes of joints, the tissue types involved and where they would be found in the body
2. Be able to describe all of the principal components of a typical synovial joint and demonstrate their role in joint movement
3. Organize the types of synovial joints on the the basis of the shape of the joint surfaces
4. Analyze each joint of the upper and lower limb, as well as the axial skeleton and know its principal anatomical components, what type of joint it is and what kind of movement it allows for.

Upper Limb

1. Be able to identify and describe the bones and joints of the upper limb including pectoral girdle

2. Know the vocabulary to describe all the different kinds of movements that can occur at the joints of the upper limb.

3. Identify origin, insertion, function and innervation of the muscles of the upper limb (shoulder, arm, forearm, hand)

4. Practice locating and identifying various upper limb structures through their surface anatomy

5. Diagram and follow the path of spinal nerves through the brachial plexus out to the muscles of the upper limb.

6. Diagram the path of sensory innervation from regions of the upper limb through the brachial plexus

7. Predict the type of condition/impairment caused by nerve damage to main branches of brachial plexus

8. Analyze the role of major muscle groups and the movement they initiate across the joints during different kinds of upper limb movements.

Lower Limb

1. Be able to identify and describe the bones and joints of the lower limb including pectoral girdle

2. Know the vocabulary to describe all the different kinds of movements that can occur at the joints of the lower limb.

3. Identify origin, insertion, function and innervation of the muscles of the lower limb (hip, leg, foreleg, foot)

4. Practice locating and identifying various lower limb structures through their surface anatomy

5. Diagram and follow the path of spinal nerves through the lumbral/sacral plexus out to the muscles of the upper limb.

6. Diagram the path of sensory innervation from regions of the upper limb through the major nerves to the spinal cord

7. Predict the type of condition/impairment caused by nerve damage to major nerves of the lower limb

8. Analyze the role of major muscle groups and the movement they initiate across the joints during different human gaits

1. Review chapters 10, 11, 8, 9 in Martini text
2. Bone Box--great for learning bones [link]

3. Bones from the Bone Box with X-ray views to compare along with labels--great for seeing bones and x-rays [link]

    

1. Class presentation:  Muscle tissue and how it works [link]
2. Animation of muscle structure and "sliding filament theory" [link][similar animation from Martini text--link]
3. Great muscle review--types, function, actin-myosin [link]
4. Nice animation of muscle action potential and flow /role of calcium [link]
5. Class presentation:  Mechanics of Movement I:  Joints  [link]
6. Class presentation:  Mechanics of Movement II:  Kinesiology  [link]
7. Millionaire Game--Joints [link]
8. View digitized human limb movements--walking, jumping, stairs, elbow is great (needs video player installed) [link]
9. View computer simulation of human gait movements showing research lab approach to gait problems [link]
10. Class presentation:  Upper limb anatomy and function  [link]
11. Class presentation:  Lower limb anatomy and function  [link]
12. Millionaire Game--Upper Limb [link]
13. Millionaire Game--Lower Limb [link]

1. See histological basis for muscle function in microscope (Lab Manual Exercise 8)
2. EMG's to investigate muscle function in our own bodies (Lab Manual Exercise 8).  Recordings of EMG's taken during lab [link]
3. Wish List for Muscle Physiology (word download)
4. Simulation of whole muscle properties (computer presentation in lab).  Plots from computer simulation of frog muscle stimulation [link]
5. Upper Limb Anatomy:  Bones (Lab Exercise 5, pp. 73-80); Joints (Lab Exercise 6); Muscles (Lab Exercise 7, pp. 129-133)
6. Wish List for Joints, Bones, Muscles of Upper Limb (word download)
7. Learn the "Crazy Hand Jive" from "DoctaJ"--for learning carpal bones [link]
8. Lower Limb Anatomy:  Bones (Lab Exercise 5, pp. 80-87); Joints (Lab Exercise 6); Muscles (Lab Exercise 7, pp. 134-142)
9. Wish List for Bones, Muscles of Lower Limb (word download)
10. Surface Anatomy of the limbs [link]

WEB RESOURCES